SCISO - Video tutorials on science ethics and science communication
A project by the Global Young Academy Working Group Trust in Young Scientists, in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication (NaWik), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation from 2020-2022.
Are you sometimes worried about the gap between science and society? Maybe you or your colleagues have been confronted with doubts about the credibility of your work or science denial? You are not alone! Misinformation, fake news, pseudoscience and conspiracy theories have been spreading all over the world. If you want to do something to bridge the gap between science and society, and help build trust in science, our video tutorials can help you do that.
Our project “SCISO” (which stands for “science with society”) aims…
… to provide easily accessible content, in the form of freely available video tutorials, that enable scientists to reflect about the role of science in society, and to communicate with broader audiences.
It provides insights…
… not only about the practical tools of science communication, but also about the deeper roots of the problems, e.g. perspectives on scientific integrity.
Building on research in science ethics, sociology of science and science communication, our videos contain both theoretical content and practical, hands-on tips for addressing these problems.
Opening up the "black box" of science
For this project, we have paired up with the German National Institute for Science Communication (NaWik), a non-profit organization that offers training for scientists, with funding provided by the
Volkswagen Foundation. Over the course of two years, we have developed content, recruited a passionate science communicator as presenter, and produced the videos clips.
Building on research in science ethics, sociology of science and science communication, the clips contain both theoretical content and practical, hands-on tips for getting started in science communication. The films cover topics such as how to interact with lay people, taking responsibility for one’s research, or opening up the “black box” of science.
We also present “best practices” of select researchers regarding various forms of outreach and communication, for example in policy advice. We want to encourage young scientists to position themselves in public debates, and enable them to make active contributions to the solutions of societal problems.
- Playlist 1: The Role of Science in Society
These videos give you access to key ideas, concepts, and empirical sources for thinking about science, scientific integrity, and the role of science in society. - Playlist 2: The basics of Science Communication
These videos introduce you to basic insights about science communication, provided by the experienced science communicators from NaWik. - Playlist 3: From Inspiration to Practice
These videos provide examples from around the world and interviews with practitioners and scientists about SCISO’s themes – as an invitation to get practical.
Have you ever wondered about how science is seen in different countries? Or what about the famous slogan of science being “value free”? What’s the role of incentive in science, and what is all that talk about “open science”?
These videos give you access to key ideas, concepts, and empirical sources for thinking about science, scientific integrity, and the role of science in society.
The descriptions are listed in the same order as the videos appear in the playlist above.
Click on the links on the left hand side to open the information, resources and other information about the respective video.
Shruti Mandhani presents the SCISO project and its mission. The initiative aims to help improve the relationship between science and society.
Ms Mandhani emphasizes the importance of their mission in times of the global pandemic. Moreover, she introduces herself and her experiences.
Science with Society (#SCISO) is a project by the Global Young Academy (Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists”) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication (NaWik), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation, that aims to help build trust in science among people.
Translation into:
German by Prof. Dr. Lisa Herzog
Arabic by Dr. Shymaa Enany
Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu
Russian by Alexandra Dmitrieva
French by Dr. Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon
Spanish by Felix Moronta Barrios, Luciana Balboa and Sandra Lopez
Schruti Mandhani defines lay people, and explains the “deficit model”.
#SCISO is a project by the Global Young Academy (Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists”) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication (NaWik), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation, that aims to help build trust in science among people.
Translation into:
German by Prof. Dr. Lisa Herzog
Arabic by Dr. Shymaa Enany
Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu
Russian by Alexandra Dmitrieva
French by Dr. Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon
Spanish by F. Moronta Barrios, L. Balboa and S. Lopez
References and links (without any claim to completeness):
– For philosophical reflections on this fact see e.g., Millgram, Elijah (2015). The Great Endarkenment: Philosophy for an Age of Hyperspecialization. New York: Oxford University Press.
The “deficit model” – some important contributions
– Irwin, A. and Wynne, B. (1996) Misunderstanding Science? The Public Reconstruction of Science and Technology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
– Sturgis, P.J. and Allum, N.C. (2004) “Science in Society: Re-evaluating the Deficit Model of Public Attitudes,” Public Understanding of Science 13(1): 55–74.
– A brief critical discussion can also be found in the ALLEA (2018) Working Paper “Loss of Trust? Loss of Trustworthiness? Trust and Expertise Today.”, available at https://www.allea.org/wp-content/uplo…
– On the importance of engagement: Leshner, Alan I. (2021) “Trust in Science Is Not the Problem.” Issues in Science and Technology 37(3), 16–18. https://issues.org/trust-in-science-i…
Examples of ethical codes and frameworks for interaction with lay people
– Belmont principles (a framework from medical sciences – sometimes also referred to as “Georgetown principles”): https://videocast.nih.gov/pdf/ohrp_be…
• For more recent commentary see e.g. Childress, J., Meslin, E., & Shapiro, H. (Eds.). (2005). Belmont revisited: Ethical principles for research with human subjects. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press. See also Adil E. Shamoo and David B. Resnik (2003). Responsible Conduct of Research (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
– Helsinki principles by the World Medical Association (from 1964, regularly updated)
• https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma…
– On the interaction with lay people in anthropology, see for example:
• Iphofen, Ron (2020), Research Ethics in Ethnography/Anthropology, available at https://ec.europa.eu/research/partici…
• Iphofen, Ron and Martin Tolich (eds.) (2018), The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research Ethics
– EU ethics guidelines for Horizion 2020 projects
• https://ec.europa.eu/research/partici…
– EU guidelines for working with refugees, asylum seekers & migrants
• https://ec.europa.eu/research/partici…
Science communication creating greater understanding if uncertainty is also communicated: see e.g.
– Maier, M. & Post, S. (Guest Editors, 2016). Scientific uncertainty in the public discourse. How scientists, media and audiences present und process scientific evidence. Special issue of Communications – the European Journal of Communication Research 41(3)
– Maier, M., Milde, J., Post, S., Guenther, L., Barkela, B. & Ruhrmann, G. (2016). Communicating scientific evidence: Scientists’, journalists’ and audience expectations and evaluations regarding the representation of scientific uncertainty. Communications – The European Journal of Communication Research, 41(3), 239- 264.
– Post, S. & Maier, M. (2016). Stakeholders’ rationales for representing uncertainties of biotechnological research. Public Understanding of Science, 25, (8), 944-960. DOI: 10.1177/0963662516645039.
– Retzbach, J., Otto, L. & Maier, M. (2016). Measuring the perceived uncertainty of scientific evidence and its relationship to engagement with science. Public Understanding of Science, 25(6), 638–655. DOI: 10.1177/0963662515575253.
On the ethics of communicating about scientific uncertainty
– Keohane, R.O., Lane, M., and Oppenheimer, M. (2014). The ethics of scientific communication under uncertainty. Politics, Philosophy & Economics, 13(4), 343-368.
On teaching students interaction with lay people:
– Brownell, Sara E. et al. (2013). Science Communication to the General Public: Why We Need to Teach Undergraduate and Graduate Students this Skill as Part of Their Formal Scientific Training. Journal of Undergraduate Neuroscience Education 12(1), E6-E10, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti…
Jasanoff on humility
– Jasanoff, Sheila (2007). Technologies of humility. Nature 450(1), November 2007, p. 33.
Translation into:
German by Prof.Lisa Herzog
Arabic by Shymaa Enany
Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu
Russian by Alexandra Dmitrieva
French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon
Spanish by Felix Moronta Barrios, Luciana Balboa and Sandra Lopez
Science with Society (#SCISO) is a project by the Global Young Academy (Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists”) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication (NaWik), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation, that aims to help build trust in science among people.
References and more links (without any claim to completeness)
On anthrax and the anthrax attacks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthrax
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_an…
On scientists’ responsibilities concerning dangerous technologies
Koepsell, David (2010). On Genies and Bottles: Scientists’ Moral Responsibility and Dangerous Technology R&D. Science and Engineering Ethics 2010 (16): 119-133
Douglas, Heather E. (20009). Science, Policy, and the Value-Free Ideal. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburg Press, chap. 4
Somerville, M.A., & Atlas, R. M. (2005). Ethics: a weapon to counter bioterrorism. Science, 307, 1881– 1882.
Guston, D. H., & Sarewitz, D. (2002). Real-time technology assessment. Technology in Society, 24(1–2), 93–109.
Ehni, H.-J. (2008). Dual use and the ethical responsibility of scientists. Archivum Immunologiae et therapiae Experimentalis, 56, 147–152.
Maynard, A. D. and J. Stilgoe, Eds. (2017). The Ethics of Nanotechnology, Geoengineering and Clean Technology. The Library of Essays on the Ethics of Emerging Technologies. London, Routlege.
Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, and National Academy of Engineering (1995). On Being a Scientist: Responsible Conduct in Research, Second Edition. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/4917.
A historical case of insufficient ethical care: https://www.sciencehistory.org/distil…
On the ethics of “dual use” research
Nixdorff, K., & Bender, W. (2002). Ethics of university research, biotechnology and potential military spin-off. Minerva, 40, 15–35.
Miller, Seumas, and Michael J. Selgelid (2007) Ethical and Philosophical Considerations of the Dual-use Dilemma in the Biological Sciences. Science and Engineering Ethics 13, 523-580, https://link.springer.com/article/10….
The European Responsible Research and Innovation Framework
Jack Stilgoe, Richard Owen, Phil Macnaghten: “Developing a framework for responsible innovation”, Research Policy 42 (2013), 1568-1580 (this is the paper that describes the four pillars).
See also https://ec.europa.eu/programmes/horiz….
Online platform about the framework: https://www.rri-tools.eu/about-rri
Commentaries on that framework from various regions of the world.
Zhao, Yandong and Miao Liao (2019), Chinese perspectives on responsible innovation. in: International Handbook on Responsible Innovation: A Global Resource, ed. by René von Schomberg and Jonathan Hankins (Edward Elgar), 426-440.
Macnaghten, et al. (2014) Responsible innovation across borders: tensions, paradoxes and possibilities. Journal of Responsible Innovation, 1:2, 191-199, DOI: 10.1080/23299460.2014.922249.
Srinivas, Krishna Ravi, and Poonan Pandey (2019): “Indian perspectives on responsible innovation and frugal innovation”, in: International Handbook on Responsible Innovation: A Global Resource, ed. by René von Schomberg and Jonathan Hankins (Edward Elgar), 455-473.
Nano scientists writing about ethical risks in their field
Maynard, A., Aitken, R., Butz, T., et al. (2006), Safe handling of nanotechnology, Nature 444 (267-269), available at https://www.nature.com/articles/444267a
Other examples of scientists calling for ethical reflection about new technologies
A call for a moratorium of research on heritable genome editing: Lander, E. et al. (2019), Adopt a moratorium on heritable genome editing, Nature 567, 165-168, available at https://www.nature.com/articles/d4158…
A call for scientists, not industry, helping to write the rules for artificial intelligence: Benkler, Yochai (2019) Don’t let industry write the rules for AI. Nature, 569, 161 https://www.nature.com/articles/d4158…
An ethics initiative for autonomous and intelligent systems, by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronical Engineers): https://ethicsinaction.ieee.org
Science cannot always be value free. Ms Mandhani makes values in science a subject of discussion with Heather Douglas, a philosopher and expert on the role of values in science. They talk about how to deal with values in science and research. #SCISO is a project by the Global Young Academy (Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists”) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication (NaWik), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation, that aims to help build trust in science among people. Translation into: German by Lisa Herzog Arabic by Shymaa Enany Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu Russian by Alexandra Dmitrieva French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon Spanish by Felix Moronta Barrios, Luciana Balboa and Sandra Lopez References and more links (without any claim to completeness) References: Heather Douglas’ work on values in science – Douglas, Heather (2009), Science, Policy and the Value-Free Ideal. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press – Online material – A 2015 interview on her work: https://sciencepolicy.ca/cspc-2015-dr… – A 2012 lecture: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9RuG… – A 2020 short lecture on values in science: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7XOKg… – A Guardian-Article: https://www.theguardian.com/science/p… Some Ethical Codes of Scientific Organizations – Statement from the World Conferences on Research Integrity: https://wcrif.org/statement – you can also check out the ensuing responsibility for researchers that the authors of the statement have defined (see also https://wcrif.org/guidance/singapore-…). Later World Congresses on Research Integrity have formulated other statement on more specific issues (https://wcrif.org/documents/354-montr…, https://wcrif.org/guidance/hong-kong-…, https://wcrif.org/guidance/amsterdam-…) – Other international science organizations, for example the ALLEA (association of European Academies) or the Young Scientists Forum of the World Economic Forum, have formulated similar statements, and you can also find statements that refer to specific practices or specific fields, for example health research • https://www.allea.org/wp-content/uplo… • https://widgets.weforum.org/coe/#code More online material on research ethics A manual on Research Integrity and Ethics, based on a European project on research ethics and research integrity • http://eneri.eu/e-manual/ – combined with online material for workshops: https://eneri.mobali.com (with many more links!) – European Network of Research Integrity Offices • http://www.enrio.eu/about-enrio/ – For Europe, here is a map of contacts for each country concerning research ethics • http://eneri.eu/recs-and-rios-in-europe/
Nobel Prize winners of yore were brilliant, yes. But would they have ended up Nobel winners if they had worked under the same circumstances that scientists do today? #SCISO is a project by the Global Young Academy (Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists”) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication (NaWik), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation, that aims to help build trust in science among people. Translation into: German by Lisa Herzog Arabic by Shymaa Enany Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu Russian by Alexandra Dmitrieva French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon Spanish by Felix Moronta Barrios, Luciana Balboa and Sandra Lopez References and more links (without any claim to completeness) No attention to the Higgs-Bosom in 1964 – https://www.theguardian.com/commentis… – https://www.theguardian.com/science/2… – https://www.theguardian.com/science/2… Incentives in science being dysfunctional – Edwards, Marc A. & Roy, Siddharta. 2017. “Academic Research in the 21st Century: Maintaining Scientific Integrity in a Climate of Perverse Incentives and Hypercompetition.” Environmental Engineering Science 34(1), 51-61. • One of the others was among the scientists who helped uncover the Flint water crisis; he has a TED talk on “Science in service of the public good”: https://www.ted.com/talks/siddhartha_… – ALLEA Working Paper “Loss of Trust? Loss of Trustworthiness? Truth and Expertise Today”, https://allea.org/wp-content/uploads/… – Smaldino, P.E. & McElreath R. 2016. The natural selection of bad science. R. Soc. open sci. 3: 160384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160384. – A short video in which Nobel Prize winners speak out against the current evaluation systems: https://www.facebook.com/nobelprize/v… – A critical discussion of the notion of “excellence” in academia: Moore, Samuel et al. 2017. “Excellence R Us”: university research and the fetishisation of excellence. Nature Humanities & Social Sciences Communications 3, https://www.nature.com/articles/palco… – A more general critique of metrics taking a life on their own: Jerry Z Muller, The Tyranny of Metrics, Princeton / Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2018. List of predatory journals online – https://predatoryjournals.com Studies with low statistical power – Smaldino / McElreath 2016 (see above): 5-6: in social and behavioral science, the statistical power has not increased between 1960 and 2011. – Higginson, Andrew W. & Munafò. 2016. Current Incentives for Scientists Lead to Underpowered Studies with Erroneous Conclusions. Plos Biology, Nov 10, https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology…/journal.pbio.2000995 Publication bias – Ioannidis, John P. A. 2005. Why Most Published Research Findings Are False. PLoS Med. Aug 2(8), e214, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti… Loss of great scientists – Edwards / Roy 2017 (see above), p. 53. Loss of trust in science because of current incentive structures – Daniel Sarewitz, 2016, “Saving Science”, The New Atlantis, https://www.thenewatlantis.com/public… – Andrew Maynard, 2016, “Public universities must do more: the public needs our help and expertise”, The Conversation, https://theconversation.com/public-un… (referring to the Flint water crisis) Calls for change of the incentive structure and new forms of evaluation in academia – San Francisco Declaration of Research Assessment (DORA) – https://sfdora.org/read/ – Hong Kong Principles for Assessing Researchers: Fostering Research Integrity – https://osf.io/m9abx/ see also https://wcrif.org/guidance/hong-kong-… – Dutch statement “Room for everyone’s talent”: http://www.vsnu.nl/files/documenten/D… – Global Young Academy’s report on “Publishing models, assessment, and Open Science”: https://globalyoungacademy.net/wp-con…
Studies funded by special interest groups can skew the playing field. This so-called Funding Effect can undermine society’s trust in science. So what can be done to combat this effect? Watch Conflict of Interest to learn more. Science with Society (#SCISO) is a project by the Global Young Academy (Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists”) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication (NaWik), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation, that aims to help build trust in science among people. https://globalyoungacademy.net/scisco/ Translations: German by Lisa Herzog Arabic by Shymaa Enany Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu Russian by Alexandra Dmitrieva French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon Spanish by Felix Moronta Barrios, Luciana Balboa and Sandra Lopez References and links (without any claim to completeness) Accounts of the practices of the tobacco industry Brandt, Allan M. (2012). Inventing Conflicts of Interest: A History of Tobacco Industry Tactics. Am J Public Health 102(1), 63-71, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti… Oreskes, Naomi & Erik M. Conway. 2010. Merchants of Doubt. How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming. London et al.: Bloomsbury Early papers on the harmfulness of smoking Schrek, Robert et al. (1950), “Tobacco Smoking as an Etiology Factor in Disease. I. Cancer” Cancer Research 10(1), https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/co… Mills, Clarence A. and Marjorie Mills Porter (1950). Tobacco Smoking Habits and Cancer of the Mouth and Respiratory System. Cancer Research 10(9), https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/co… Wynder, E.L, and Evarts A. Graham (1950). Tobacco Smoking as a possible etiologic factor in bronchiogenic carcinoma. The Journal of the American Medical Association 143(4), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti… On the concept of conflict of interest Dennis F. Thompson (1993). Understanding financial conflicts of interest. The New England Journal of Medicine 329, 573-576 https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056…. Distortion by unequal funding even if all scientists act in good faith Holman, Bennett / Bruner, Justin (2017). Experimentation by Industry Selection. Philosophy of Science 84, 1008-1019. More reports of industry-sponsored research in various fields Rosner, David & Gerald Markowitz (1987). Deceit and Denial: The Deadly Politics of Industrial Pollution. Berkeley: University of California Press. Proctor, Robert N. (1996). Cancer wars: how politics shapes what we know and don’t know about cancer. Michaels, David (2008). Doubt is their Product. How Industry’s Assault on Science Threatens Your Health. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Wurster, Charles (2015). DDT Wars: Rescuing Our National Bird, Preventing Cancer, and Creating the Environmental Defense Fund. New York: Oxford University Press. Otto, Shawn (2016). The War on Science. Who’s Waging It. Why It Matters. What We Can Do about It. Minneapolis: Milkweed. Rabin-Havt, Ari (2016). Lies, Incorporated. The World of Post-Truth Politics. New York: Anchor. Johnson, David V. (2017). Academe on the Auction Block. The Baffler 36, https://thebaffler.com/salvos/academe… O’Connor, Cailin and James Owen Wetherall (2019): The Misinformation Age. New Haven: Yale University Press. Michaels, David (2020). The Triumph of Doubt: Dark money and the science of deception. Oxford: Oxford University Press. The funding effect (a selection of studies taken from Michaels, The Triumph of Doubt, p. 144): Stelfox, H. T., G. Chua, G. K. O’Rourke, and A. S. Detsky (1998). Conflict of interest in the debate over calcium-channel antagonists. New England Journal of Medicine 338: 101–06. Koepp R, Miles SH. (1999). Meta-analysis of tacrine for Alzheimer disease: The influence of industry sponsors. JAMA 281 (24): 2287–88. Mandelkern M. 1999. Manufacturer support and outcome. J Clin Psychiatry 60(2): 122–23 Vandenbroucke JP, Helmerhorst FM, Rosendaal FR. (2000). Competing interests and controversy about third generation oral contraceptives: BMJ readers should know whose words they read. BMJ 320 (7231): 381 – 82. Knox KS, Adams JR, Djulbegovic B et al. (2000). Reporting and dissemination of industry versus non-profit sponsored economic analyses of six novel drugs used in oncology. Ann Oncol. 11(12): 1591–95. Yaphe J, Edman R, Knishkowy B et al. (2001). The association between funding by commercial interests and study outcome in randomized controlled drug trials. Fam Pract. 18 (6): 565–68. Bekelman, J. E., Y. Li, and C. P. Gross (2003). Scope and impact of financial conflicts of interest in biomedical research: A systematic review. Journal of the American Medical Association 289: 454–65 Lexchin J, Bero LA, Djulbegovic B et al. (2003). Pharmaceutical industry sponsorship and research outcome and quality: Systematic review. 326 (7400): 1167 – 70
Knowledge can of course be generated by the scientific method, but there are several other forms of knowledge, for example indigenous, traditional, or local knowledge. This video explores the various types of knowledge and discusses how they can be used either alone or in tandem to arrive at sometimes unanticipated insights. #SCISO is a project by the Global Young Academy (Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists”) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication (NaWik), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation, that aims to help build trust in science among people. Translation into: German by Lisa Herzog Arabic by Shymaa Enany Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu Russian by Alexandra Dmitrieva French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon Spanish by Felix Moronta Barrios, Luciana Balboa and Sandra Lopez References and more links (without any claim to completeness) References: Knowledge of sheep farmers – This is the example in a famous paper in science and technology studies: Wynne, Brian (198). Sheepfarming After Chernobyl: A Case Study in Communicating Scientific Information. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 31(2), 10–39. Birds spreading fire – Bonta, Mark, et al. (2017). Intentional Fire-Spreading by “Firehawk” Raptors in Northern Australia,” Journal of Ethnobiology37(4), 700-718. https://doi.org/10.2993/0278-0771-37…. – Interview with lead author Mark Bonta: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/ne… Clam gardens – Deur, D., Dick, A., Recalma-Clutesi, K. et al. (2015). Kwakwaka’wakw “Clam Gardens”. Hum Eco 43 201–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-015-97… – https://clamgarden.com/clamgardens/ – Groesbeck, A. S. et al. (2014). Ancient Clam Gardens Increased Shellfish Production: Adaptive Strategies from the Past Can Inform Food Security Today. Plos One https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone…. – Video of Hakai Magazine about clam gardens: https://vimeo.com/199910033 United Nations Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) – https://ipbes.net/sites/default/files… UNESCO activities concerning indigenous knowledge – See http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-… – UNESCO initiatives include: the 1989 Recommendation on the Safeguarding of Traditional Culture and Folklore; the 2001 UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity; the 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage; the 2005 Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions. – Article “Indigenous knowledge in global policies and practice for education, science and culture” by UNESCO author Douglas Nakashima: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223… Examples of policies working “here” but not “there” (plus analysis of what to do) – Cartwright, Nancy and Jeremy Hardie (2012). Evidence-Based Policy: A Practical Guide to Doing it Better. Oxford: Oxford University Press. On integrating different forms of knowledge – An early paper on this topic is: Funtowicz, Silvio O. and Jerome R. Ravetz (1993). Science for the post-normal age. Futures, September, 739-755, – For those interested in biodiversity: The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services is active in assessing knowledge from different sources: https://ipbes.net/assessing-knowledge – A fascinating interview with Robin Wall Kimmerer, a botanist who has Native American roots, about different ways of looking at the environment: https://www.thesunmagazine.org/issues… – A video on the role of local fishing communities and scientists collaborating to protect the Amazon: https://stories.council.science/unloc… – Example of projects giving voice to marginalized communities: https://stories.council.science/unloc… – A code of ethics for doing science in different countries: https://www.globalcodeofconduct.org/
The stereotype of scientists as old crazy men is still popular. “Opening the black box of science” discusses these stereotypes, and explores Open Science, Open Data, and Open Access as approaches to help see inside the black box of science. #SCISO is a project by the GYA (Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists”) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication (NaWik), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation, that aims to help build trust in science among people. Translations: German by Lisa Herzog Arabic by Shymaa Enany Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu Russian by Alexandra Dmitrieva French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon Spanish by F. Moronta Barrios, L. Balboa and S. Lopez References “Draw a scientist” test – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draw-a-… – https://katyasharpe.wordpress.com/201… – https://www.theatlantic.com/science/a… Some philosophical background reading on opening up the “black boxes” of expertise, in science and otherwise – Dzur, Albert W. (2008). Democratic Professionalism. Citizen Participation and the Reconstruction of Professional Ethics, Identity, and Practice. University Park: The Pennsylvania State University Press. – Moore, Alfred (2017). Critical Elitism. Deliberation, Democracy and the Problem of Expertise. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. On open science and society – Lakomy, Martin et al. (2019). Open Science and the Science-Society Relationship. Society 56, 246-255, https://link.springer.com/article/10…. Public Knowledge Project – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_… Open Journal System – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Jo… Open Science Framework – https://osf.io A training handbook on open science – https://open-science-training-handboo… Online Directories – Directory of Open Access Journals: https://doaj.org – List of open access platforms: https://digital.bmj.com/an-almost-a-z… – Wikipedia entry on open access projects: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of… African Journals Online – http://www.ajol.info More on open access – Background reading on the concept of knowledge as commons: Charlotte Hess and Elinor Ostrom (eds), Understanding Knowledge as a Commons. From Theory to Practice, Cambridge: MIT Press. – Hongkong Principles (principle 3 endorses open science): https://www.wcrif.org/guidance/hong-k… – GYA Position paper: https://globalyoungacademy.net/wp-con… – Blog post discussing some objections and responding to them: https://wonkhe.com/blogs/the-purpose-… – Briefing paper on open access monographs: https://www.scienceeurope.org/media/q… – ALLEA statement on equity in open access: https://allea.org/wp-content/uploads/… – Study on uptake of Open Access by universities: https://zenodo.org/record/3874959#.Xt… Examples of Citizen Science Projects – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_A… – http://www.blauhoehle.org – www.zooniverse.org/projects/judaicadh/scribes-of-the-cairo-geniza/classify – https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/… Citizens Science – Edited volume Citizen Science. Innovation in Open Science, Society and Policy – available at https://www.uclpress.co.uk/products/1… – it also contains the “10 Principles of Citizen Science” – 10 Principles of Citizen Science: https://ecsa.citizen-science.net/site… – Citizen Science Associations around the World • Europe: https://ecsa.citizen-science.net • Australia: https://citizenscience.org.au • US: https://www.citizenscience.org • Asia: https://www.facebook.com/CitSciAsia/ • Africa: e.g. here: http://www.tropical-biology.org/speci… (I haven’t found an African citizen science association) – Journal: https://theoryandpractice.citizenscie… Ethics of Citizens Science see e.g. – Patrick-Lake, Bray, and Jennifer C. Goldsack (2019). Mind the Gap: The Ethics Void Created by the Rise of Citizen Science in Health and Biomedical Research. Am J Bioethics 19(8), 1-2 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/… – Resnik, David B. et al. (2015). A framework for addressing ethical issues in citizen science. Environmental Science & Policy 54, 475-481. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science… – Rasmussen LM and Cooper C. (2019) Citizen Science Ethics. Citizen Science: Theory and Practice 4(1), p. 5. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/cstp.235
Translation into: German by Lisa Herzog Arabic by Shymaa Enany Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu Russian by Alexandra Dmitrieva French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon Spanish by Felix Moronta Barrios, Luciana Balboa and Sandra Lopez Science with Society (#SCISO) is a project by the Global Young Academy (Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists”) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication (NaWik), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation, that aims to help build trust in science among people. References and more links (without any claim to completeness!) Wellcome Trust Monitor 2018 https://wellcome.ac.uk/reports/wellco… World Value Survey This is another international survey that gets updated regularly and that contains some questions relevant for the question of trust in science in different societies (check out items V119, V192, V193, V194, V195, V196, V197): http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSD… Report on a study on view of pharmaceutical companies in Germany https://www.healthrelations.de/pharma… Measle being reimported into Costa Rica https://ticotimes.net/2019/03/21/cost… Some research on the perception of Science and Religion in Nigeria Bankole A. Falade and Martin W. Bauer, “ ‘I have faith in science and in God’: Common sense, cognitive polyphasia and attitudes to science in Nigeria,” Public Understanding of Science 27(1), 2018, 29-46. Gluten in wheat flour https://www.boomlive.in/plastic-in-aa… Role for young scientists In this brief video, for the 2020 digital GYA conference, Bruce Alberts, Chancellor’s Leadership Chair in Biochemistry and Biophysics for Science and Education at the University of California and former GYA Advisory Board member, speaks about the central role for young scientists to reach out to society https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uWdPI… Bonus item: Did you know that the “science of science communication” has become a field of its own, with conferences and journals? There, researchers explore all kinds of questions about the way in which science communication functions, including differences between different countries. You might want to browse journals such as, for example, Social Studies of Science – https://journals.sagepub.com/home/sss Science, Technology and Society – https://journals.sagepub.com/home/sts Public Understanding of Science – https://journals.sagepub.com/home/pus Journal of Science Communication – https://jcom.sissa.it For example, they explore the differences between perceptions in cities and the countryside (e.g. Guenther, Lars, Peter Weingart & Corlia Meyer (2018): “Science is Everywhere, but No One Knows It”: Assessing the Cultural Distance to Science of Rural South African Publics, Environmental Communication, DOI: 10.1080/17524032.2018.1455724). And sometimes their results can be directly applied – for example, a study found that if you post selfies on social media, that can increase perceived trustworthiness. See here: https://phys.org/news/2019-05-scienti…. Here is a book (which you can download for free) about the research agenda in effective science communication: https://www.nap.edu/catalog/23674/com…
How should you get started if you want to communicate about science on social media? And what are the processes behind reporting about science in the press?
These videos introduce you to basic insights about science communication, provided by the experienced science communicators from NaWik.
The descriptions are listed in the same order as the videos appear in the playlist above.
Click on the links on the left hand side to open the information, resources and other information about the respective video.
Scientists, science communicators and science journalists are all professionally involved in communicating science. Their respective roles have changed considerably over the years – not least because of the rise of social media. This shift does not only bring benefits. How do you think this will play out over the coming years? This is a video in the #SCISO series, a project by the Global Young Academy Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists” (https://globalyoungacademy.net/scisco/) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication, NaWik (https://www.nawik.de/projekte/science…), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation. Follow the GYA on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/GlobalYAcademy Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/global.youn… LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/glob… Follow the NaWik on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/nawik Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nawik.de LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/1000… Credits: Produced by: Nationales Institut für Wissenschaftskommunikation Presented by: Shruti Mandhani Writers: Tobias Maier, Beatrice Lugger, Shruti Mandhani Director: Ingo Knopf Director of Photography: Steffen Bohn Animation: Lena Haselmann Sounddesign: Patric Louis Translation into: German by Lisa Herzog Arabic by Shymaa Enany Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu Russian by Katya Assaf French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon Spanish by Alma Cristal Hernández Mondragón
How does science communication, particularly with non-expert audiences, actually work? Here are five important aspects worth thinking about before any kind of communication, especially if you want to communicate with target groups beyond your own colleagues: What is my aim? Who is my target audience? Which medium or channel should I use? What is the right communication style? What is the actual topic I want to communicate? This is a video in the #SCISO series, a project by the Global Young Academy Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists” (https://globalyoungacademy.net/scisco/) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication, NaWik (https://www.nawik.de/projekte/science…), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation. Follow the GYA on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/GlobalYAcademy Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/global.youn… LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/glob… Follow the NaWik on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/nawik Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nawik.de LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/1000… Credits: Produced by: Nationales Institut für Wissenschaftskommunikation Presented by: Shruti Mandhani Writers: Tobias Maier, Beatrice Lugger, Shruti Mandhani Director: Ingo Knopf Director of Photography: Steffen Bohn Animation: Lena Haselmann, Antje Stockmann Sounddesign: Patric Louis Translation into: German by Lisa Herzog Arabic by Shymaa Enany Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu Russian by Katya Assaf French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon Spanish by Alma Cristal Hernández Mondragón
As scientists, we are all busy running experiments, analyzing data, reading, writing, editing, teaching and often administrative work. So, why should we care about yet another task: communicating our research to audiences beyond our peers? Here are some of the top reasons given by a few of the world’s leading young scientists. Are you aware of any reasons we might have forgotten? Data showing a correlation between twitter mentions and citations: https://peerj.com/articles/4564/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti… https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32504… This is a video in the #SCISO series, a project by the Global Young Academy Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists” (https://globalyoungacademy.net/scisco/) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication, NaWik (https://www.nawik.de/projekte/science…), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation. Follow the GYA on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/GlobalYAcademy Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/global.youn… LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/glob… Follow the NaWik on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/nawik Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nawik.de LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/1000… Credits: Produced by: Nationales Institut für Wissenschaftskommunikation Presented by: Shruti Mandhani Writers: Tobias Maier, Beatrice Lugger, Shruti Mandhani Director: Ingo Knopf Director of Photography: Steffen Bohn Animation: Lena Haselmann, Antje Stockmann Sounddesign: Patric Louis Translation into: German by Lisa Herzog Arabic by Shymaa Enany Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu Russian by Katya Assaf French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon Spanish by Alma Cristal Hernández Mondragón
How many times have you been asked: “Can you explain to me what you’re working on?” It’s hard to answer concisely, isn’t it? Our newest video, “The core message” will help you prepare for situations such as being interviewed by journalists, and how to deliver an “elevator pitch” on your work in any situation. This is a video in the #SCISO series, a project by the Global Young Academy Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists” (https://globalyoungacademy.net/scisco/) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication, NaWik (https://www.nawik.de/projekte/science…), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation. Follow the GYA on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/GlobalYAcademy Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/global.youn… LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/glob… Follow the NaWik on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/nawik Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nawik.de LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/1000… Credits: Produced by: Nationales Institut für Wissenschaftskommunikation Presented by: Shruti Mandhani Writers: Tobias Maier, Beatrice Lugger, Shruti Mandhani Director: Ingo Knopf Director of Photography: Steffen Bohn Animation: Lena Haselmann Sounddesign: Patric Louis Translation into: German by Lisa Herzog Arabic by Shymaa Enany Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu Russian by Katya Assaf French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon Spanish by Alma Cristal Hernández Mondragón
Here are some well-established rules and guidelines on how to make your writing better and more accessible to someone who is not in your field of research: keep it short, simple and write structured and dynamic. Watch the video to see what these writing tips mean and how to apply them. This is a video in the #SCISO series, a project by the Global Young Academy Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists” (https://globalyoungacademy.net/scisco/) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication, NaWik (https://www.nawik.de/projekte/science…), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation. Follow the GYA on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/GlobalYAcademy Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/global.youn… LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/glob… Follow the NaWik on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/nawik Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nawik.de LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/1000… Credits: Produced by: Nationales Institut für Wissenschaftskommunikation Presented by: Shruti Mandhani Writers: Tobias Maier, Beatrice Lugger, Shruti Mandhani Director: Ingo Knopf Director of Photography: Steffen Bohn Animation: Lena Haselmann, Antje Stockmann Sounddesign: Patric Louis Translation into: German by Lisa Herzog Arabic by Shymaa Enany Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu Russian by Katya Assaf French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon Spanish by Alma Cristal Hernández Mondragón
Some concrete tips on what you can do to help your research to be noticed: Work with the press office of your university or research institute. When you publish a paper, write a generally understandable abstract for them, prepare two or three punchy quotes and provide additional visual material. Use your own social media networks to advertise your paper. And lastly: if a journalist contacts you: respond quickly. This is a video in the #SCISO series, a project by the Global Young Academy Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists” (https://globalyoungacademy.net/scisco/) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication, NaWik (https://www.nawik.de/projekte/science…), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation. Follow the GYA on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/GlobalYAcademy Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/global.youn… LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/glob… Follow the NaWik on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/nawik Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nawik.de LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/1000… Credits: Produced by: Nationales Institut für Wissenschaftskommunikation Presented by: Shruti Mandhani Writers: Tobias Maier, Beatrice Lugger, Shruti Mandhani Director: Ingo Knopf Director of Photography: Steffen Bohn Animation: Lena Haselmann, Antje Stockmann Sounddesign: Patric Louis Translation into: German by Lisa Herzog Arabic by Shymaa Enany Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu Russian by Katya Assaf French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon Spanish by Alma Cristal Hernández Mondragón
As a scientist, it has never been easier to reach a wider audience than today. The transformation of the media landscape and the low barriers of entry to online media offer a great opportunity for you to participate in the public debate on science, and to actively communicate your own topics and interests. But how do you actually grow your group of followers, once you have decided on a communication channel and set up your profile? Here are a few general tips, basically applicable to all social media. This is a video in the #SCISO series, a project by the Global Young Academy Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists” (https://globalyoungacademy.net/scisco/) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication, NaWik (https://www.nawik.de/projekte/science…), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation. Follow the GYA on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/GlobalYAcademy Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/global.youn… LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/glob… Follow the NaWik on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/nawik Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nawik.de LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/1000… Credits: Produced by: Nationales Institut für Wissenschaftskommunikation Presented by: Shruti Mandhani Writers: Tobias Maier, Beatrice Lugger, Shruti Mandhani Director: Ingo Knopf Director of Photography: Steffen Bohn Animation: Lena Haselmann, Antje Stockmann Sounddesign: Patric Louis Translation into: German by Lisa Herzog Arabic by Shymaa Enany Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu Russian by Katya Assaf French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon Spanish by Alma Cristal Hernández Mondragón
For most scientists, it is evident that new technologies and all research fields that hold opportunities also have potential risks and dangers. But: how do you communicate those topics? In this video, we provide essential tips on how to prepare and react when communicating about critical topics. This is a video in the #SCISO series, a project by the Global Young Academy Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists” (https://globalyoungacademy.net/scisco/) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication, NaWik (https://www.nawik.de/projekte/science…), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation. Follow the GYA on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/GlobalYAcademy Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/global.youn… LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/glob… Follow the NaWik on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/nawik Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nawik.de LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/1000… Credits: Produced by: Nationales Institut für Wissenschaftskommunikation Presented by: Shruti Mandhani Writers: Tobias Maier, Beatrice Lugger, Shruti Mandhani Director: Ingo Knopf Director of Photography: Steffen Bohn Animation: Lena Haselmann, Antje Stockmann Sounddesign: Patric Louis Translation into: German by Lisa Herzog Arabic by Shymaa Enany Chinese by Junpeng Li and Yuxiao Liu Russian by Katya Assaf French by Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon Spanish by Alma Cristal Hernández Mondragón
What are examples of successful communication between scientists and communities? And what are the do’s and don’ts in the relations between scientists and policy-makers.
These videos provide examples from around the world and interviews with practitioners and scientists about SCISO’s themes – as an invitation to get practical.
The descriptions are listed in the same order as the videos appear in the playlist above.
Click on the links on the left hand side to open the information, resources and other information about the respective video.
The world has changed so much in recent weeks. Now it seems more important than ever to bring science closer to society. In this special edition SCISO Vlog, GYA member Lisa Herzog and GYA Executive Committee member Encieh Erfani discuss the role of science in times of war. #SCISO is a project by the Global Young Academy (Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists”) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication (NaWik), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation, that aims to help build trust in science among people.
In this SCISO Vlog discussion, GYA member Lisa Herzog and GYA Executive Committee member Encieh Erfani discuss the role of science in times of war. #SCISO is a project by the Global Young Academy (Working Group “Trust in Young Scientists”) in collaboration with the German National Institute for Science Communication (NaWik), funded by the Volkswagen Foundation, that aims to help build trust in science among people.
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Executive Producer
Lisa Herzog
Producer
Kristin Raabe
Camera Operator
Florencia Barre
Director
Tomer Urwicz
Editing
Fabian Klein, Farhouse Media
Special Thanks
Mariela Muñoz, Plan Ceibal
For more information on Plan Ceibal check out their website:
https://www.ceibal.edu.uy/es
Executive Producer
Lisa Herzog
Producer
Kristin Raabe
Camera Operator
Philip du Plessis
Editing
Fabian Klein, Farhouse Media
Executive Producer
Lisa Herzog
Produced and directed by
Kristin Raabe
Editing
Fabian Klein, Farhouse Media
Book recommendation from Sibusiso Biyela:
Decolonizing Methodologies – Research and Indigneous People
Linda Tuhiwai-Smith
Bloomsbury Academics, June 2021
https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/decolonizing-methodologies-9781786998132/
Science Stories from Sibusiso Biyela:
https://skbiyela.contently.com
Executive Producer
Lisa Herzog
Producer
Kristin Raabe
Director
Linda Nordling
Camera Operator
Philip du Plessis
Editing
Fabian Klein, Farhouse Media
The Image of Prof. Salim Abool Karim is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salim_Abdool_Karim#/media/File:Slim_portrait_2020.jpg
Links and further Material:
Marina Joubert on “The Conversation”:
https://theconversation.com/profiles/marina-joubert-208875/articles
From top scientist to science media star during COVID-19 – South Africa’s Salim Abdool Karim
South African Journal of Science 116(7/8)
DOI:10.17159/sajs.2020/8450
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343291686_From_top_scientist_to_science_media_star_during_COVID-19_-_South_Africa%27s_Salim_Abdool_Karim
Marina Joubert hosts a facebook group on Science Communication in Africa:
https://de-de.facebook.com/groups/scicomafrica/?ref=pages_profile_groups_tab&source_id=1980914041924365
Executive Producer
Lisa Herzog
Produced and directed by
Kristin Raabe
Camera Operator
Steffen Bohn
Editing
Lars Gehlen, Farhouse Media
Links and Publications:
Coping responses to intimate partner violence: narratives of women in North-west Tanzania
Annapoorna Dwarumpudi, Gerry Mshana, Diana Aloyce, Esther Peter, Zaina Mchome, Donati Malibwa, Saidi Kapiga & Heidi Stöckl (2022): Coping responses to intimate partner violence: narratives of women in North-west Tanzania, Culture, Health & Sexuality, DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2022.2042738
.
Heidi Stöckl on The Conversation
https://theconversation.com/profiles/heidi-stockl-96732/articles
Sexual Violence Research Initiative
https://www.svri.org
Executive Producer
Lisa Herzog
Produced and directed by
Kristin Raabe
Editing
Fabian Klein, Farhouse Media
Special Thanks to Dr. Paddy Ryan for letting us use his photograph of Centropomus (Snook).
The video footage of the fishermen was provided by Prof. Charbel El Hani
Important Work from Prof. Charbel El-Hani:
Beyond the divide between indigenous and academic knowledge: Causal and mechanistic explanations in a Brazilian fishing community
Charbel N. El-Hania, LuanaPoliseli, David Ludwig
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2021.11.001
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0039368121001783
Exploring Partial Overlaps Between Knowledge Systems in a Brazilian Fishing Community
Vitor Renck, David Ludwig, Paride Bolletin, Charbel El-Hani
DOI:10.1007/s10745-022-00335-3
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361308413_Exploring_Partial_Overlaps_Between_Knowledge_Systems_in_a_Brazilian_Fishing_Community
Philosophy of Ethnobiology: Understanding Knowledge Integration and Its Limitations. Journal of Ethnobiology
David Ludwig & Charbel El-Hani
Journal of Ethnobiology 39 (2019)
https://philpapers.org/rec/LUDPOE
Executive Producer
Lisa Herzog
Producer
Kristin Raabe
Camera Operator
Philip du Plessis
Editing
Fabian Klein, Farhouse Media
Animation
Robert Bodner, Studio Paeper
Website of Prof. Robin Warren
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